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Current Iodine Deficiency Disorder Situation
Population
Population: 1.6 million
Population growth rate: 0.47%
Population < 15 years: 40.3%
Birth rate: 28.9 per 1000
Life expectancy at birth: 37.1 years
Infant mortality: 63.2 per 1000
Prevalence of Goiter/ UIE
Median urinary iodine: 189 mcg/L . Survey in four provinces suggests endemic goiter persists in the far north ( Okavango > 50% TGR) where it is estimated that 10% of the population live. UI 189 mcg/L in limited study.
Iodized salt Coverage
Household iodized salt use: 66% (2000)
Salt Situation Analysis Production
The Botswana Soda Ash plant at Sua Pan is a major salt supplier for Botswana , Malawi , South Africa , Congo , and Zambia , with capacity to produce nearly 700,000 tons of salt per year. Production is from brine by solar evaporation. In 1997, the mean iodine content was 90 ppm, range 0-200. Recommendations in 1999 were to strengthen iodization and improve quality assurance, including a review of the sampling plans. A much smaller producer - Maiteko Tschwaragano - was being assisted by UNICEF to increase its annual production to 800 tons; further follow-up not available.
No salt imported. Much of salt produced is exported.
Consumption
- Estimated daily per capita salt consumption: No Data Available
- Estimated % of all salt consumed by people which is adequately iodized (household level): 66% (2000)
Iodine Procurement and Utilization
KIO3, 50 ppm
Universal Salt Iodization Program
Information, Education, Communication (IEC) Activities
Legislation
- Legislation: Yes. Food Control Act of 1993 enables iodization; additional legislation in draft (2001)
- Legislation for Animals: Not known
- Year Enacted: 1993
Program Monitoring and Evaluation
Ministry of Health is responsible. A National Committee exists but monitoring only of iodine in salt; limited UI in past.
Other Interventions None
Key Lessons Learned
Challenges and Constraints
A larger issue is optimal iodization and quality control at the Soda Ash plant, and harmonization of regional levels of iodization.
Future Plans for Sustained IDD Elimination
SOURCES:
IDD NL 16(2):25, 2000
IDD NL 15(3):40, 1999
IDD NL 11(2):21, 1995
IDD NL 10(3):30, 1994 |
