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Current Iodine Deficiency Disorder Situation
Population
Population: 5.18 million
Population growth rate: 0.14%
Population < 15 years: 17.9%
Birth rate: 10.6 per 1000
Life expectancy at birth: 77.75 years
Infant mortality: 3.76 per 1000
Prevalence of Goiter/ UIE
Median urinary iodine: 164 mcg/L
Median UI 164 mcg/day in 1998.
Small scale surveys have indicated the TGR to be under 5%. During 1970's, areas in Eastern part of country previously considered to be endemic were found to have very low goiter rates (6% in Kainuu Region, 4.2% in Joensuu & 4% in Savolinna). Ultrasound data show volumes consistent with iodine sufficiency.
Congenital hypothyroid incidence by neonatal screening 1:3500, suggesting iodine sufficiency.
Average 24 hour radioiodine uptake about 30%, compatible with iodine sufficiency.
Iodized salt Coverage
Household iodized salt use: >90%
Salt Situation Analysis Production
Most Salt imported from Germany and Netherlands .
Consumption
The daily intake is about 300 mcg iodine per day. Most comes from milk products and hen's eggs. The concentration in milk is about 170 mcg iodine/L. Salt consumption has decreased from 7-8 grams per day in the early 1960's to the current 4 grams or less. Thus, iodized salt contributes no more than 20% of the daily total.
- Estimated daily per capita salt consumption: 300 mcg/day.
- Estimated % of all salt consumed by people which is adequately iodized (household level): > 90%
Iodine Procurement and Utilization
KI at 21-26 ppm as iodine
Universal Salt Iodization Program
Information, Education, Communication (IEC) Activities
Legislation
- Legislation: Use of iodized salt is voluntary
- Legislation for Animals: Animal salt is iodized
- Year Enacted: 1963
Program Monitoring and Evaluation
No formal program, but National Health Institute regularly surveys by UI
Other Interventions
None
Key Lessons Learned
Challenges and Constraints
Future Plans for Sustained IDD Elimination
Sources:
IDD NL 18(4):52, 2002
IDD NL 9(1):6, 1993
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