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Current Iodine Deficiency Disorder Situation
Population
Population: 38.63 million
Population growth rate: -0.02%
Population < 15 years: 17.9%
Birth rate: 10.29 per 1000
Life expectancy at birth: 73.66 years
Infant mortality: 9.17 per 1000
Prevalence of Goiter/ UIE
>100 mcg/L. The median urinary iodine excretion is reported to be 188 mcg/L. A review in 2001 described the median as slightly above 100 mcg/L. A 1999 study reported a mean of 96 mcg/L in school-age children, from 12 primary schools selected on the basis of previous endemicity.
Reports data from 1991 nationwide epidemiological survey of IDD. 19,330 children, aged 6-13 were examined, representing 0.4% of the population of this age. These children attended 111 schools which were selected at random, two to four schools per district. The overall prevalence was 29.5% (Grades 1B and above) The presence of goiter was inversely related to urinary iodine levels (in mcg/L).
1993 median UI range, 57.5 mcg/L (eastern plains) to 91.6 mcg/L (near sea). ThyroMobil (1995) for 4 areas: 64 mcg/L (range 32-93).
Iodized salt Coverage
Household iodized salt use: >90%
Salt Situation Analysis Production
Salt is produced locally. One of two types of salt licks for domestic animals contains iodine, although the content is too low
Consumption
Coverage estimated at more than 90% of the population. Only 40% of the salt contains the recommended iodine content, and thus a large fraction of the population, mostly girls and young women, have a calculated iodine dietary intake below recommended levels.
Iodine Procurement and Utilization
Salt iodized with KI at 20 to 40 ppm
Universal Salt Iodization Program
Information, Education, Communication (IEC) Activities
Legislation
- Legislation: Mandatory 1/97
- Legislation for Animals: No
- Year Enacted: 1935
- Latest Revision: 1996
Program Monitoring and Evaluation
Responsible parties are the Ministry of Health and Polish Council for Control of IDD (PCCIDD). The role of the PCCIDD is to work in close contact with the government in order to iodize all consumed salt and to establish an efficient monitoring. They have produced a number of studies, meetings, and publications.
The Institute of Food and Nutrition is responsible for monitoring of iodized salt at both production and consumer stages. The PCCIDD and its members continue active in monitoring iodine nutrition in their regions. A new survey is expected soon.
Other Interventions
The iodine content of formula milk meets the ICCIDD recommendation of 100 mcg/L for full-term and 200 mcg/L for pre-term infants.
Key Lessons Learned
Challenges and Constraints
Future Plans for Sustained IDD Elimination
Sources:
IDD NL 18(4):54, 2002
IDD NL 18(2):31, 2002
IDD NL 15(4):54, 1999
IDD NL 13(1):4, 1997
IDD NL 12(4):61, 1996
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